- This study explorers one particular manifestation of structural racism which is redlining. So redlining was a a housing policy in the last century, in the mid early to mid 1900s, not really that long ago. By which lenders, mortgage lenders would steer certain groups of people like Black Americans towards certain residential areas and keep them away from other residential areas where White people would be living. And so this tended to segregate the, White and the Black populations and to concentrate some of these adverse social determinants of health in one area versus another. So the housing quality wouldn't be as good in an area where the Black people were steered to as opposed to White people. Educational opportunities weren't as good. The healthcare system wasn't as good. So there are many different factors that can then secondarily arise from this redlining process. And what they have shown is that in areas where redlining occurred and in those population areas in which the Black population were concentrated, even now, there's still an increased risk of stroke for those where there was greater redlining than not. So there's a legacy of this history of redlining that continues to the present day.